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Legal regulation of special territorial protection of nature and landscape in the Czech Republic
Šílený, Jan ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Franková, Martina (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is legal regulation of special territorial protection of nature and landscape in the Czech republic. The diploma thesis focuses itself mainly on the legal regulation of large-scaled specially protected areas, however some room is given also to small-scaled specially protected areas and to Natura 2000 system. This diploma thesis is systematically divided into the introduction, three parts and the conclusion. The main part of this thesis is its second part. The fisrt part deals with the protection of the environment in general and its component protection (air protection, water protection, soil protection, forest protection and protection of nature and landscape), and also defines the most important terms in field of nature and landscape protection. The second part of this diploma thesis in its first chapter deals with the differentiation of the general nature and landscape protection from the special protection of nature and landscape, the division into territorial and species protection and the distinction of large-scaled and small-scaled specially protected areas. The second chapter of this section deals with specially protected areas in the Czech republic and also contains units dedicated to individual specially protected areas (national parks, protected landscape...
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How climate change affects biotopes protected under Natura 2000 in southern Bohemia?
Vaškovský, Adam ; Křenová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Trnka, Miroslav (referee)
Warnings of the intensity and widespread negative impacts of ongoing climate change are becoming more urgent. EU countries have created a unique network Natura 2000 to protect Europe's biodiversity and are legally obliged to protect the sites so that their conservation targets do not deteriorate. The key question is whether the static Natura 2000 system will continue to fulfil its purpose in the future, or whether climate change will lead to significant losses of European biodiversity. To date, there are still very few studies that address the modelling of climate change impacts on Natura 2000 sites. In this paper, using a new method combining climate envelope models with procedures applied to assess climate change risks to agroecosystems, I assessed the impact of climate change on eight selected natural habitat types (NHTs) occurring in south Bohemia. Agroclimatological indicators generated by the AgriClim model were used as predictors of the occurrence of suitable climate for NHTs. For modelling, I used three machine learning algorithms (generalized additive model, artificial neural network and random forest) and two ensemble learning techniques (averaging and stacking), of which I chose random forest as the most suitable for the resulting predictions. The modelling results show that for the...
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Are former common pastures a significant part of protected areas?
Kosová, Barbora ; Křenová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Härtel, Handrij (referee)
Former common pastures show a higher biological value than the surrounding landscape and they usually represent areas of conservation value. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether the state nature protection of the Czech Republic reflects this fact. For this purpose, 210 small protected areas in six districts in three regions, namely Cheb and Sokolov districts in Karlovy Vary region, Česká Lípa and Jablonec nad Nisou districts in Liberec region, and Kroměříž and Zlín disctricts in Zlín region were analyzed. The former common pastures were located within the boundaries of the small protected areas according to the historical maps of Stable Cadastre from the first half of the 19th century. To determine biotope diversity of analyzed areas the Natura 2000 biotope mapping was used. Data from the species database were used to compare species diversity of the studied protected areas. In conclusion, the former common pastures were located in 30 out of 210 small protected areas and on average covered 3,6 % of the protected area. Above average values were found in the districts of Zlín region. Higher biotope diversity of the former common pastures was confirmed, as well as higher biotope diversity of protected areas, in which former common pastures were located. The differences in the species...
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Loss of valuable meadow biotopes in connection with the construction of new buildings
Nikodýmová, Amálie ; Křenová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Bílá, Karolína (referee)
- AJ A serious problem of nature protection in Šumava is the problem of the gradual loss of traditionally farmed meadows, which are the objects of protection of the Natura 2000 system in SAC Šumava. Meadow biotopes in this area are decreasing mainly as a result of their encroachment by construction projects. The Šumava National Park Administration, as the competent state nature protection authority, does not have a database that would record the exact loss of meadow biotopes in SAC Šumava in connection with construction. The absence of this information represents a serious obstacle of the state administration of nature protection. As part of this bachelor's thesis, a search of methodological procedures used for the protection of grassland biotopes in large Natura 2000 sites will be carried out. Special attention will be paid to the occupation of biotopes in connection with construction. Part of this thesis will be also the testing of the methodology for the evaluation of meadow biotopes encroachment by construction in EVL Šumava. Key words: Natura 2000, biodiversity, meadows, development
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Carbon sequestration in grassland ecosystems at various spatial scales
BUREŠOVÁ, Renata
The aim of this work was to get information about the carbon sequestration in selected types of the grasslands ecosystems of regional study area (upper part catchment area of the Stropnice river), and upscale these results to the total area of regional study, eventually to larger areas on the base of maps with different size of minimal mapped unit.Three aspects of the carbon sequestration at sampling sites were studied: biomass production, quantity and quality of litter and decomposition rate. Appropriate aproach to up-scaling method and possibility of usage less detailed mapping layer Corine-LC for carbon stock study was verified through the biotope valuation method (BVM). This method allowed to compare the results on different levels of sample site data generalization.
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Specifics in the solution of the land adjustment project in areas with the enhanced natural value
PATKOVÁ, Michaela
The theoretic part includes before published expert texts and articles from the sphere of land adjustments, the enviroments and the landscape protection. The characteristics of the interest area is presented in the practical part. There are presented changes in the local ÚSES and there are proposed new elements of ÚSES. ÚSES is demonstrated in maps. Maps are maked up in the computer program-Arc-GIS. The frame of ecological stability is defined on the basis of the one´s own investigation of area and the frame is maked up into the map in the Arc-GIS. In the project are included measures on ZPF whose are demonstrated on the basis of BPEJ.
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Legal regulation of creation and protection of Natura 2000 network
Dostálová, Kateřina ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with legal regulation of creation and protection of Natura 2000 network. Natura 2000 is a system of protected areas created in Member States of the European Union which is aimed at preservation and potential renewal of natural habitats and rare and threatened species of wild fauna and flora. The objective of the creation of Natura 2000 network is to ensure the diversity of species and ecosystems, primarily the rare and threatened ones. The network is composed of the Special Protection Areas (SPAs) designated on the basis of the Birds Directive and of the Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) designated according to the Habitats Directive. The introductory chapter deals with historical development of the nature conservation on the Czech territory up to the present and as follows it gives an explanation of the term the Natura 2000 network. The chapter 2 is devoted to the most significant international conventions related to Natura 2000. The Bern Convention has even inspired some articles of the regulation included in the Directives. The chapter 3 is focused on the European legal regulation of nature and biodiversity protection. The nature conservation area comes under the EU environmental policy and it is related to other policies as well. The legal basis is contained in the...
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Protected areas and protective zones of nature and landscape
Fialová, Kristýna ; Franková, Martina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with protected areas and protective zones of nature and landscape in environmental law. The main themes are National Parks and Protected Landscape Areas. The thesis is divided into eight thematically connected chapters. It deals with international, European and national sources of law. It describes basic characteristics of protected areas; deals with declaring protected areas, protective conditions and other ways of their protection. The separate sections are focus on the system NATURA 2000, Natural Park, Temporarily Protected Area and protective zones. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the law regulation of the land protection and highlight the problems of some institutes
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